Vessel, Pressure, and Flow Questions
Practice Questions on Blood Vessels, Blood Pressure, and Blood Flow
Page 2

  1. Of the following, which is the most significant factor affecting peripheral resistance?
    1. Blood viscosity
    2. Blood vessel length
    3. Blood vessel radius
    4. Blood pH

  2. As blood travels from the femoral artery to the right atrium, its oxygen content will _________________.
  3. Which of the following arteries branches off the aorta first?
    1. Left common carotid
    2. Left subclavian
    3. Left coronary
    4. Brachiocephalic

  4. A brief increase in blood pressure will cause the sympathetic tone on the blood vessels to _______________.
  5. Baroreceptors project to the:
    1. Vasomotor, Cardioinhibitory, and Cardioacceleratory centers
    2. Cardioinhibitory and Cardioacceleratory centers only
    3. Vasomotor center only

  6. As blood pH decreases, the activity of carotid sinus chemoreceptors will _____________.
  7. ANP causes Na+ excretion in the urine to ____________ which causes blood volume to _____________.
  8. Nitric Oxide is a:
    1. Powerful vasoconstricter
    2. Powerful vasodilator
    3. Weak vasoconstricter
    4. Weak vasodilator

  9. Consider the following events and then put them in correct chronological order.
    1. Sustained blood pressure depression
    2. Release of aldosterone
    3. Conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
    4. Release of renin
    5. Cleavage of angiotensinogen

    1. 1,2,3,4,5
    2. 1,4,2,5,3
    3. 1,4,5,3,2
    4. 1,2,5,3,4

  10. Increased local [Lactic Acid] would cause arteriole diameter to ______________.
  11. If MAP becomes >160mmHg, then which of the following may occur?
    1. Cerebral edema
    2. Cerebral polythemia
    3. Renal atalectasis
    4. Renal perfusion

  12. As you move from the arterial end of a capillary bed to the venous end, the capillary hydrostatic pressure will _______________.
  13. Liver dysfunction would cause capillary osmotic pressure to ___________.
  14. Dehydration causes capillary osmotic pressure to _____________.
  15. The most common type of shock is:
    1. Hypovolemic
    2. Anaphylactic
    3. Neurogenic
    4. Septic

  16. Which of the following arteries is not paired?
    1. Gonadal
    2. Lumbar
    3. Renal
    4. Inferior mesenteric

  17. Which of the following veins does not drain into the inferior vena cava?
    1. Lumbar
    2. Subclavian
    3. Renal
    4. Common Iliac
    5. 2 of the above

  18. Blood in the hepatic portal vein tends to be high in ______________ and low in ______________.
  19. Oxygenated blood is brought to the liver by the ___________________.
  20. How does an ACE inhibitor decrease mean arterial pressure?
  21. As thyroid hormone levels increase, MAP will ___________.
  22. A transient decrease in BP is detected by baroreceptors which respond by activating the __________________ center and the ___________________ center and inhibiting the __________________ center.
  23. The primary baroreceptors are found in the:
    1. Carotid sinus
    2. Aortic arch
    3. Atrial bifurcation
    4. A and b
    5. B and c

  24. Chemoreceptor activation will result in:
    1. Increased heart rate and respiratory rate
    2. Decrease heart rate and respiratory rate
    3. Increased heart rate and decreased respiratory rate
    4. Decreased heart rate and increased respiratory rate

  25. An ANP inhibitor would cause blood volume to:
  26. A person with primary hypertension would be expected to have a plasma aldosterone level that is:
    1. Greater than normal
    2. Less than normal
    3. Normal

  27. An ACE inhibitor would be expected to cause a:
    1. Decrease in systemic BP
    2. Decrease in plasma [angiotensin II]
    3. Decrease in plasma aldosterone
    4. All of the above
    5. 2 of the above

  28. At rest, the % of cardiac output received by the kidneys is greater than the % received by the heart.
    1. This statement is TRUE
    2. This statement is FALSE

  29. An increase in tissue [lactic acid] will cause the arterioles feeding that tissue to:
    1. Constrict
    2. Dilate
    3. Contract their vascular smooth muscle
    4. Increase their resistance
    5. 2 of the above

  30. Epinephrine causes the blood vessels serving skeletal musculature to:
    1. Constrict
    2. Dilate
    3. Epi has NO EFFECT on these blood vessels

  31. If the [O2] in the capillaries is less than the [O2] in the interstitial space, then the direction of O2 diffusion will be from the ________________ into the ________________.
  32. Rank the following forces in order of magnitude.
    1. HPCAPILLARY at the arterial end
    2. HPINTERSTITIAL SPACE
    3. HPCAPILLARY at the venous end

  33. Severe vomiting can result in:
    1. Septic shock
    2. Anaphylactic shock
    3. Hypovolemic shock
    4. All of the above

  34. Increased vasomotor center activity causes TPR to ________________.
  35. Vascular smooth muscle responds to stretch by:
    1. Contracting
    2. Relaxing
    3. Initiating mitosis
    4. Initiating meiosis
    5. Secreting renin

  36. The intrinsic autoregulation of blood pressure is:
    1. Metabolic
    2. Myogenic
    3. Not suited to respond to long term changes in BP
    4. All of the above
    5. None of the above

  37. If MAP falls below ________mmHg then fainting can occur.
    1. 80
    2. 100
    3. 40
    4. 60

  38. If a segment of pulmonary tissue has a low [O2], then the arterioles serving that segment will:
    1. Dilate
    2. Constrict
    3. Release nitroprusside
    4. Release ACE

  39. Pulmonary arteries are like veins because they have thick walls and small lumens.
    1. This statement is TRUE
    2. This statement is FALSE

  40. The blood-brain barrier protects the brain tissue from being affected by:
    1. Decreases in plasma pH
    2. Increases in plasma [O2]
    3. Increases in plasma [Glucose]
    4. Increases in plasma pH


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