Practice Questions on the Endocrine System
Page 1

  1. The endocrine system:
    1. Releases chemicals into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body
    2. Releases hormones that can alter the metabolic activities of many different tissues and organs
    3. Produces effects that can last for hours, days, or even longer
    4. Can alter the gene activity of cells
    5. All of the above

  2. Each of the following is an amino acid derivative EXCEPT:
    1. Epinephrine
    2. Melatonin
    3. Thyroxine
    4. TSH

  3. When adenyl cyclase is activated:
    1. cAMP is formed
    2. cAMP is degraded
    3. G proteins are replicated in a semiconservative fashion
    4. Steroid hormones enter the cell via receptor-mediated endocytosis
    5. None of the above

  4. Which of the following hormones does not act via a second messenger system?
    1. Glucagon
    2. Epinephrine
    3. GH
    4. Testosterone
    5. ACTH

  5. What hypophyseal structure receives signals from the hypothalamus via the hypophyseal portal system?
    1. Follicular medulla
    2. Adenohypophysis
    3. Neurohypophysis
    4. Pars intermedia
    5. Suprachiasmatic nucleus

  6. Low blood glucose typically results in the secretion of all of the following EXCEPT:
    1. Glucagon
    2. Thyroxine
    3. hGH
    4. PTH
    5. 3 of the above

  7. Which of the following is a function of glucocorticoids?
    1. Increased inflammatory response
    2. Increased blood [glucose]
    3. Decreased lipolysis
    4. Increased creatinine hydrolysis by osteocytes
    5. Increased osteoclast activity

  8. What hormone increases intestinal calcium absorption?
    1. Calcitriol
    2. Calcitonin
    3. Parathormone
    4. Pancreatic polypeptide
    5. GnRH

  9. Which of the following is a function of TSH?
    1. Activation of thyroid follicular cells
    2. Increase of iodine trapping in follicular cells
    3. Increased thyroglobulin synthesis
    4. Increased release of T3
    5. Increase release of T4
    6. All of the above
    7. Only 4 of the above

  10. The ______ cells of the pancreas secrete insulin.
    1. F
    2. Chief
    3. Principal
    4. Alpha
    5. Beta
    6. Delta

  11. The general adaptation syndrome is activated by the:
    1. Hypothalamus
    2. Adrenal gland
    3. Pituitary gland
    4. Thyroid gland
    5. Epinephrine release

  12. Say you ate 25 sugar cubes and then drank a liter of Mountain Dew, which hormone might be secreted in large amounts as a result?
    1. Insulin
    2. Glucagon
    3. Prolactin
    4. GnRH
    5. Somastinin

  13. Somatostatin is secreted by the:
    1. Pancreatic F cells
    2. Pancreatic delta cells
    3. Zona fasciculata
    4. Parafollicular cells
    5. Bronchial clara cells

  14. A tumor in the adrenal zona glomerulosa may cause hypersecretion of the hormones in that region. Which of the following might you expect to find in a patient with such a tumor?
    1. Increased blood sodium levels
    2. Increased blood glucose levels
    3. Decreased blood calcium levels
    4. Increased dehydration
    5. Increased ketoacidosis

  15. Oxytocin is secreted by the:
    1. Adenohypophysis
    2. Neurohypophysis
    3. Zona glomerulosa
    4. Pars intermedia
    5. Cervical stretch receptors

  16. A lack or decrease in insulin hormone receptors on cells can result in:
    1. Diabetes insipidus
    2. Type I diabetes mellitus
    3. Type II diabetes mellitus
    4. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    5. Gestational diabetes

  17. Vasopressin is the same hormone as ____________.
  18. The general adaptation syndrome:
    1. Is a mechanism to maintain homeostasis when under stress
    2. Resets the levels of controlled conditions in the body in response to stress
    3. Is part of the sympathetic response
    4. Reduces the amount of stress encountered
    5. None of the above

  19. Which of the following characteristics is the same for the nervous and the endocrine systems
    1. Target cells affected
    2. Latent period for onset of actions
    3. Duration of actions
    4. Mechanism of signalling
    5. None of the above

  20. Hyposecretion of cortisol can cause:
    1. Cretinism
    2. Diabetes mellitus
    3. Diabetes insipidus
    4. Addison's disease
    5. Grave's disease

  21. During hyperglycemia, pituitary GH secretion will __________________.
  22. As blood [somatomedin] increases, pituitary GH secretion will _______________.
  23. As GH secretion increases, liver glycogenolysis will _______________.
  24. As GH secretion decreases, fat catabolism will ______________.
  25. As thyroid hormone levels increase, tissue O2 consumption will _____________.
  26. As thyroid hormone levels increase, pituitary TSH secretion will ______________.
  27. As hypernatremia progresses, cortisol secretion will __________________.
  28. As hypoxia progresses, cortisol secretion will _________________.
  29. As cortisol secretion increases, blood [glucose] will _________________.
  30. As cortisol secretion increases, protein anabolism will _______________.
  31. As PTH levels increase, plasma [Ca2+] will ________________.
  32. As plasma [Ca2+] increases, calcitonin secretion will ___________.
  33. Stress causes the adrenal medulla to release:
    1. Norepinephrine and ANP
    2. Epinephrine and vasopressin
    3. Epinephrine and norepinephrine
    4. Epinephrine, norepinephrine and vasopressin


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