Practice Questions on the Digestive System
Page 2

  1. Histologically, the stomach wall is unique because it contains:
    1. No lamina propria
    2. 1 extra layer in its muscularis mucosae
    3. 1 extra layer in its muscularis externa
    4. An adventitia in addition to a double-membraned serosa

  2. The gastric gland cell whose absence could lead to pernicious anemia is the:
    1. Chief cell
    2. Goblet cell
    3. Mucous neck cell
    4. Parietal cell
    5. Enteroendocrine cell

  3. The layer of the digestive tube wall which contains blood vessels, lymphatic nodules, and a rich supply of elastic fibers is the:
    1. Mucosa
    2. Submucosa
    3. Muscularis Externa
    4. Serosa

  4. Tooth structure includes:
    1. The dentin, which is the hardest substance in the body
    2. A root covered in enamel
    3. A thin periodontal ligament which holds the tooth in place
    4. Pulp, an avascular connective tissue filling the hollow cavity of the tooth

  5. Chemical digestion occurs in:
    1. Oral Cavity
    2. Esophagus
    3. Stomach
    4. Pharynx
    5. 2 of the above

  6. Mechanical digestion occurs in the:
    1. Stomach
    2. Cecum
    3. Pharynx
    4. Esophagus
    5. 2 of the above

  7. Which of the following is NOT true of saliva?
    1. It cleanses the mouth
    2. It typically contains IgE antibodies
    3. It moistens food and aids in the compaction of the bolus
    4. It dissolves food chemicals

  8. The sheets of peritoneal membrane that holds the digestive tract in place are called ___________________.
  9. The entry of bile into the duodenum is controlled by the:
    1. Liver sinusoids
    2. Common pancreatic duct
    3. Pyloric sphincter
    4. Cardiac sphincter
    5. None of the above

  10. Paneth cells:
    1. Are more common in the esophagus than in the jejunum
    2. Are essential for bile synthesis
    3. Secrete antibacterial enzymes
    4. Do not have nuclei
    5. None of the above

  11. A baby is admitted into the hospital with a history of projectile vomiting after each feeding. On examination, it is found that the pyloric sphincter is thickened and does not open readily. Because of the baby's loss of gastric juice, his blood probably indicates:
    1. Acidosis
    2. Leukocytosis
    3. Alkalosis
    4. An excessively low pH
    5. Excessive proteinuria

  12. True or False: The digestive function of the liver is to produce bile.
  13. The fusion of the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct forms the ______________.
  14. Increasing the surface area of its mucosal lining enhances the absoprtive effectiveness of the small intestine. Which of the following accomplishes this task?
    1. Plicae circulares
    2. Intestinal villi
    3. Microvilli
    4. All of the above
    5. 2 of the above

  15. True or False: The number of mucosal cells bearing microvilli increases as you proceed from the cecum to the sigmoid colon.
  16. Which of the following gastric cell types synthesizes and releases gastin, histamine, cholecystokinin, and serotonin?
    1. Enteroendocrine cells
    2. Parietal cells
    3. Zymogenic cells
    4. Paneth cells
    5. Mucous neck cells

  17. A major function of the large intestine is to:
    1. Secrete digestive enzymes
    2. Remove waste materials
    3. Regulate the release of bile
    4. Secrete water in order to regulate blood volume

  18. Its muscular wall contracts in response to cholecystokinin.
  19. It secretes an alkaline fluid in response to cholecystokinin.
  20. It is the largest gland in the body.
  21. It is associated with vitamin K production.
  22. Part of the digestive tract whose cells have a brush border.
  23. Which of the following is NOT true of the appendix?
    1. Bacteria have a tendency to accumulate within it.
    2. It typically contains lymphocytes
    3. It typically contains MALT
    4. It typically contains almost no capillaries

  24. What distinguishes the rectum from the colon?
    1. The lack of microvilli
    2. The lack of teniae coli
    3. The lack of villi
    4. All of the above
    5. 2 of the above

  25. The sphincter between the stomach and the duodenum is the __________.
  26. Before blood carrying the products of protein digestion reaches the heart, it must first pass through capillary networks in the ___________.
  27. Cancer chemotherapy will ___________ the rate of renewal of the intestinal lining.
  28. Paneth cells are responsible for the production of which of the following?
    1. Gastrin
    2. Secretin
    3. Lysozyme
    4. Amylase
    5. Lipase

  29. Which of the following is not produced by an enteroendocrine cell?
    1. Pepsin
    2. Cholecystokinin
    3. Gastrin
    4. Secretin
    5. 2 of the above

  30. Which of the following would not be seen in a section of the soft palate?
    1. A stratified epithelium
    2. Blood vessels
    3. Bone
    4. Muscle
    5. 2 of the above


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